Neti Neti #17: Embracing the Paradox of “Not One, Not Two”

Question:

The Zen saying “Not one, not two” seems to encapsulate the paradox of non-duality I’ve been exploring. How does this saying relate to the teachings of Advaita Vedanta and the idea that Atman is Brahman?

Dear friend,

The Zen saying “Not one, not two” offers us a window into the paradoxical nature of reality, a reality that resists all attempts to confine it within the boundaries of language or thought. It is a saying that, like so many teachings in the mystical traditions, invites us to move beyond the ordinary distinctions of mind and enter into the mystery of what truly is.

“Not one,” the saying begins, reminding us that reality cannot be reduced to a simplistic oneness that denies the diversity and richness of the world. While all things are indeed interconnected, arising from the same source, they also retain their unique expressions in the world of form. The Buddha, as an emanation of the Dharmakaya, is not simply a facet of an undifferentiated whole but a distinct manifestation of the truth, shaped by the conditions of time and space.

And yet, “not two,” the saying continues, pointing us to the deeper truth that despite the multiplicity we perceive, there is no true separation between things. The distinctions we make, the boundaries we draw, are ultimately illusions created by the mind. In the deepest sense, all things are part of a seamless whole, connected by the invisible threads of existence that bind the universe together.

This saying reflects the wisdom of the Middle Way, a path that avoids the extremes of both monism and dualism. It asks us to hold the tension of opposites, to embrace the paradox of a reality that is both one and many, unified and diverse. It is a way of being that does not cling to fixed ideas or concepts but remains open to the living truth that lies beyond them.

To live by “Not one, not two” is to walk a path of profound wisdom and compassion. It is to recognize that while we may appear as separate individuals, each with our own thoughts, feelings, and experiences, we are also deeply interconnected with all that exists. This understanding calls us to act with kindness and humility, knowing that our actions ripple out into the world, affecting the whole.

And so, dear friend, as you continue to explore the nature of Atman and Brahman, and the relationship between the individual self and the ultimate reality, let this Zen saying be a companion on your journey. It reminds us that the truth is not something to be grasped or defined, but something to be lived—something that reveals itself in the spaces between thought, in the quiet moments of contemplation, and in the way we move through the world with awareness and love.

🙏🕊️🙏